The Film Frankie Alice Starring Halle Berry - 964 Words

Intro The film Frankie Alice starring Halle Berry is based on a true story of a woman who is living with a dissociative identity disorder. Set a number of years back (likely the 1970s or 1980s), this film provides the audience with a close up look at what it might be like to live with a mental health disorder. While watching the film, I put a great deal of effort into understanding the symptoms and episodes of the disorder, as the main character experienced them. Through my findings, I have a greater understanding and appreciation not only of dissociative identity disorder but also of mental health in general. Mental Status exam-diagnosis I would like to address each of the identities that appear in the film so that I can go into more details about their traits as the paper progresses. The main character or identity is Frankie who is an African American female in her early thirties who works as an exotic dancer. One of the other personalities that she exhibits is a woman by the name of Alice, who is southern racist. The final identity that appears much less often is a young child who the psychiatrist comes to call Genius, as her very high IQ would suggest. The psychiatrist, Dr. Oswald performed somewhat of a mental status examination when the main character Frankie came into the psychiatric center. At their initial meeting, Dr. Oz asked Frankie questions that touched on the very basic elements of her life such as questions about her work and her family. In this way,

The Underground Railroad The United States History

The Underground Railroad is a popular topic in United States history, but many of the stories told about it are more myth than fact. Quilts have been often used as a symbol in children s picture books to further the understanding of one of the darkest periods of United States history: slavery. Parents and teachers have eagerly embraced these illustrated books as a way to understand and teach past turmoil. Many of these books suggest that people who participated in the Underground Railroad used quilts as a means of communication to help slaves safely escape to freedom. The idea of quilts as communication tools has been well-received, and many educators have created wonderful programs, guides, and lesson plans to extend the experience with these books and to further explore United States history; however, what is depicted in these books have been consistently contested by quilt historians and folklorists This essay discusses the myth that secret codes were stitched into quilts to help slaves escape to freedom and why this myth continues today. After the Civil War, an explosion of published information in the form of diaries, letters, and autobiographies like Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, written in 1861 by literate slave Harriet Jacobs and William Still’s 1871 The Underground Railroad, detailed the abuses of slavery (â€Å"Harriet A. Jacobs†; Still). In addition, from 1936-1938, the WPA Federal Writers Project conducted thousands of interviews and recorded the firsthandShow MoreRelated The Underground Railroad Essay1451 Words   |  6 PagesThe Underground Railroad The Underground Railroad was one of the most remarkable protests against slavery in United States history. It was a fight for personal survival, which many slaves lost in trying to attain their freedom. Slaves fought for their own existence in trying to keep with the traditions of their homeland, their homes in which they were so brutally taken away from. In all of this turmoil however they managed to preserve the customs and traditions of their native land. These slavesRead MoreThe Underground Railroad : The Declaration Of Independence1587 Words   |  7 PagesThe Underground Railroad The Declaration of Independence states all men are created equal, sadly in America that was not true. It was legal in America to own a person. In The Underground Railroad In American History, Kem Knapp Sawyer states that the number of slaves in the South had gone from 1,519,017 in 1820 to almost 4 million in 1860. Araminta Ross was one of those people. She was born a slave, beaten, abused and forced to work for her owners. Her life and her families’ life was extremelyRead MoreEssay On Underground Railroad1005 Words   |  5 Pages Underground railroads have been prominent in history since the early nineteenth century. Throughout time, numerous different underground railroads have been created for many different purposes, all liberating those subject to slavery or poverty. Modern slavery, known as human trafficking, usually affects immigrants who do not completely know their rights or who are tricked into a â€Å"job† that does not fit its original description. This applies to Unwind due to the way the kids are treated and theRead MoreThe Underground Railroad1073 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A national benefit.† said John C. Calhoun about the evil act known as, slavery (â€Å"The History of the United States). However the world was not completely full of ignorance even though it is shown here. â€Å"Whenever I hear anyone arguing for slavery, I feel a strong impulse to see it tried on him personally,† said by Abraham Lincoln. (â€Å"Quotes About Slavery†) No one had experienced anyth ing other than a world with slavery, and were not for having a change like this occur and change many people’s livesRead MoreStory Of Henry Box Brown1662 Words   |  7 PagesAs punishment in his state, he would be auctioned back off into slavery. Fortunately for Burris, one of his white associates impersonated a buyer at the auction to technically win back his freedom (Underground Railroad – Whisper†¦). While many unrecorded successful attempts have been undoubtedly lost to history, the ones that survived highlight the intelligence and craftiness of both the slaves and their allies. However, there were great risks. While the northern Untied States was a popular destinationRead MoreThe Underground Railroad1145 Words   |  5 PagesThe Underground Railroad marks a devastating time in our nations History. It is a topic that is generally known but not in depth. Starting in the early 1800’s the Underground Railroad was a way for the slaves to reach their freedom. Initially, I believed that there really was an actual underground tunnel, or railroad that slaves walked through that went from the South to the North. Through my research I have discovered that it was neither of the two, it was a variety of safe places in houses, barnsRead MoreUnderground Railroad Essay Outline1333 Words   |  6 PagesTHE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD 1 The Underground Railroad Raymond Allen Setlock West Catholic High School THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD 2 Our country’s history had its good times and also its bad times. One of our bad times in our country’s history was the time when the United States allowed slavery toRead MoreThe Underground Railroad : The Secret System Of Escape During Slavery1107 Words   |  5 Pages The Underground Railroad The Underground Railroad is one of the most historical national monuments around the world. The term underground railroad was used to describe a network of meeting places, secret passageways, and safe houses used by the African slaves to escape the slave states and travel to the northern states, such as Canada (â€Å"Underground Railroad Where History†) . The Underground Railroad also had many prominent figures including Harriet Tubman, John Fairfield, and Levi Coffin (â€Å"PeopleRead MoreTaking A Stand Against Slavery1228 Words   |  5 Pagesshameful periods in history was the institution of slavery in the nineteenth century two. The theme  ¨Taking a Stand ¨ definitely hits the divided issue of slavery. Most slaves brought to America were known as low class individuals who could bring no good, but History fails to state that most of the slaves who came were people of many trades, ambitions, and determinations. The Underground Railroad had its earliest beginnings with runaway slaves fleeing from the the Southern United States into Canada. ByRead MoreSlavery And The United States1507 Words   |  7 Pagesfactor in United States history. Slavery shaped and formed what society was in the United States. Slavery’s influence impacted the United States in various ways. The ways that slavery impacted United States history are the United States economy, society and politics. Some historians argue slavery is not an important factor in United States history. However, they are wrong because slavery brought many different political movements and the Underground Railroad marked it’s importance in United States history

Handbook Human Resource Management Practice â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Handbook Human Resource Management Practice? Answer: Introduction Human resource management is one of the major departments in any business organization. This department has a key role to play in ensuring employee satisfaction and enhancing the employee performances in any business organization. My experience of working in an organization is positive. This assignment highlights the role of the HRM department, along with highlighting the roles and responsibilities of the HRM, in ensuring effective workplace practices. The key demographics, as well as the concerns of the employees have also been highlighted. Human resource management The human resource management is defined as the management of the human resources aimed to maximise the employee performances, as well as achieve employee satisfaction (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The HRM department has a major role to play in ensuring employee satisfaction and employee retention. Moreover, the HRM department efficiently maintains the cross-cultural diversity, and eliminates conflicts among the employees. The HRM department is also responsible to ensure that the workplace is a positive one. The responsibilities of the HRM department include the following: Recruitment and selection: This is one of the most important responsibilities of the HRM department. Attracting the best talent for a vacancy created, along with ensuring rigorous recruitment process and selection ensures that the best skills are chosen for the fulfilment of the organizational goals (Beardwell Thompson, 2014). Training and development: It is important that the training needs of the employees be identified and the adequate training be given, to the employees, to ensure that the employees are well-equipped with the required knowledge and technical skills. Compensation: The compensation and wages of the employees are taken care by the HRM department. The employees with the right skills need to be paid the right amount of money, in order to ensure decrease in the employee turnover. This has a strong significance in the lives of the employees. Maintenance of workplace culture: The positive workplace culture has to be maintained in order to ensure that the employees are able to work successfully, without facing workplace hazards. This had a positive effect on the employees, as they are able to work in peace. Motivation: Another important role of the HRM department is the motivation of the employees. It is important that the employees are successfully motivated, and their needs are fulfilled, in order to ensure employee retention (Brewster, Mayrhofer Morley, 2016). Key demographics and employee concerns Some of the demographic issues and employee concerns are as follows: Cross-cultural issues: The issues between the people of various cultures might arise because of differences in culture among the employees. It is the responsibility f the HRM department in order to ensure that the cross-cultural issues are mitigated. Racial discrimination: Issues of racial discrimination among the employees is a major issue that might be faced. The HRM policies need to be strict enough to mitigate racial discrimination. Lack of motivation: The lack of motivation among the employees will result in increase in the employee turnover rate, which is not desirable for any business organization. The HRM department needs to ensure that the employees are well motivated (Marchington et al., 2016). Abuse: Employees facing abuse is also an important issue, that needs to be taken care by the HRM department. Proactive monitoring of the HRM department will ensure that the abuses among the employees are mitigated References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Beardwell, J., Thompson, A. (2014).Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Brewster, C., Mayrhofer, W., Morley, M. (Eds.). (2016).New challenges for European resource management. Springer. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R., Kynighou, A. (2016).Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers.

The Theme That The World Has An Outward Appearance That Seems Fair And

The theme that the world has an outward appearance that seems fair and perfect but really they're as Holden put it "phonies." This is shown countless amount of times in his journey through New York and even before he left. The setting is in the 1950's; so I'm pretty sure that he didn't encounter any transvestites, lesbians, or anything that extreme of phoniest. Or on the other hand he could have liked them for being as Elmemson said a "none conformist." But I doubt it, he seemed to like kids more than anything. And his job, as he felt, was to protect them in their innocents; of which I will talk about in my second theme. The first example that stands out in my mind is the scene with Stradlater in the "can." If you remember Stradlater was getting ready for his other date while Holden watched him. "Stradlater was a secret slob" in public he always looked good and got all the girls but in fact he was a slob. His razor that made him look so good was "rusty as hell and full on lather and hair and crap." This proves that he is a slob to "never clean it or anything." If you think about it that's even worst than Old Ackley. At least Ackley knew that he had a problem, that he need to do something about his face; but Stradlater thought that he was a great guy. He actually thought that there was nothing wrong with never washing his razor. I think that what mad, Holden so made Stradlater was perpetrating in other word being "phony" every time he went out all GQ after using that filthy razor. Another instance is when he calls that girl in New York, Faith Cavendish, that Eddie Birdsell had brought to a dance at Princeton. Anyway he called her and she almost went off until Holden drooped Eddie's name. Then all of a sudden "she was getting friendly as hell." The same person said "if you think I enjoy bein' woke up in the middle-" was "getting an english accent all of a sudden." I think Holden caught her with her fa?ade down. When she first picked up the phone she was mad as anybody else would be in her shoes. But as soon as she processed "Eddie Birdsell from Princeton" she became so amicable. She most of thought that a friend of Eddie, from Princeton, most have been rich or at lest well off. Faith was all ready to hook up with him for a date until she asked "Where ya callin' from? Where ya at now, anyways?" And "in a phone booth" was the wrong answer. When he said that she new he had no money and from that point on she had no time to meet up any more. This is a good example of the phoniest that Holden will talk about all through book. Oh and one I almost missed it is a little before the conversation with Faith it is a very important event. When J.D. Salinger had Holden look about of the window I think it was a big simile, of which I think about more in theme number 3, of the theme of the book. I'm sure Holden didn't ride all the way to New York to pick a run down hotel. So I take it when he drove up it probably looked good on the outside. He even "too k it off [referring to the red hunting hat] before I checked inI didn't want to look like a screwball or something." So we can assume it was nice, or at lest on the outside. Salinger even throw Holden foreshadowed a little in the line "I didn't know then that the goddam hotel was full of perverts and morons." The first guy he saw out his room window "took out all these women's clothes, and put them on." Then he started walking around like a women, smoking a cigarette, and looking in the mirror. And now I guest I have to take back my sentence about transvestites in the opening paragraph. Second he saw a couple squiring water and "they were in hysterics the

Amx Resources Essays (379 words) - Economy, Corporate Finance

Amx Resources AMX Resources: Share Prices and Company Details Company Details Directors ID Love ( Director, Non-executive Dir. ) MJ Palmer ( Chairman, Director, Non-executive Dir. ) W Loxton ( Managing Director ) C Ansell ( Non-executive Dir. ) B Camarri ( Non-executive Dir. ) With the $30,000 I had to invest I bought 37980 shares in the company at $0.79. Then I waited and hoped that they would go up. When the shares reached the price of $1.24 I sold them. One reason for this was that on observing the stock exchange and some of the stocks that rise rapidly is that after a while the stocks drop because everybody wants to sell them before other people do and the price drops. The day after I sold the shares in AMX Resources the price dropped $0.14 to $1.10. After that it dropped steadily to $0.98. When it reached this point I thought I might buy them again but I didnt and the price didnt rise until after our trading time had finished. Reasons I chose to buy the shares ?h Will Becker gave me a tip. (A big reason as I dont have much idea on the stock exchange) ?h I looked into the company and there was a bit of movement going on and so I thought it might go up. ?h I didnt have anything else to invest in. ?h It was a mining share and so prone to extremely big changes. AMX Resources is a company mainly involved in the gold exploration sector. The company has been around for a while and so I thought it would be a good buy. Another thing I looked at whilst looking for a share to buy was the year high and the year low. I suppose in a way I was lucky that someone in our group was pretty involved in the stock exchange. I was also lucky that the stock went up and didnt crash. There is not much control over the stock market and so any money that is won is either a lot of good luck or a bit and some good management. With this share I started with $30,000. After I sold them I had $47,095. Economics Essays

The amulet by Hal Borland (book report)

The amulet by Hal Borland (book report) The Amulet is a realistic fiction book. I think it has an interesting title because you don't know what to expect before you read it. I don't think it has an appropriate title because it has almost nothing to do with an amulet.The author of The Amulet is Hal Borland. Hal Borland was born in Nebraska and spent most of his boyhood on a ranch in eastern Colorado. He graduated from the Columbia School of Journalism. Some other works by this author include When the Legends Die, The Seventh Winter, and King of Squaw Mountain. I would not read another book by this author because in this book there's not enough action and the story is really boring.The setting of this book mostly takes place in the western United States.Quincy Scott - A brave young man.Jake - An older man who is very brave.Columbia University School of JournalismQuincy Scott had been living a good life in Colorado working for a man named Dave Rowley and was planning to buy a farm and get married to his fiancÂÆ'Â ©. One day while he was working he saw a band of southerners that were on their way to reach confederate forces. Though he didn't know why he felt like he needed to go with them and help. Quincy joined a couple of others and started out. After many hours of riding their mules day after day, stopping many times to ask for blankets and extra food they made it. Quincy and the others waited for days until the battle started. After a day of the battle the Union forces started to retreat and the Confederates followed. Since Jack and Quincy were only volunteers they decided to go home since they both missed their families.What I think the author might...

UK Airports Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

UK Airports Industry - Essay Example Looking at the above facts, it is clear that the airport industry forms an integral part of the economy of UK. The objective of the current report is to present a competitive analysis on the UK Airport Industry. The demand and supply conditions of the airport sector of UK will be analysed in terms of location and concentration. Entry and exit barriers will help in determining industry attractiveness and future trends. The report will also take an account of competitive structures surrounding the firms operating under the UK Airport Industry. The report will also throw light on anti-competitive behaviour within the industry. UK has a history of pre-developed commercial airports located near ex-military airfields. As such, number of airports in UK has grown substantially over years. Majority of these airports are for commercial operations. Most of these airports are located near high population regions such as, North West and North East England, which also lessens distance between them. Concentration and location of UK airports also indicates easy access to majority of population. For instance, almost 70 percent of the total UK population can reach airport within one hour. Also, the average gap between two to three airports across UK is 2 hours. Industry experts suggest that these airports might grow or shrink in future. At the same time, airport trends suggest otherwise. For instance, Durham Airport had served around 0.2 million people in 2010, compared to 0.9 millions in 2006 (Marchant, 2007). Hence, it can be said that while the number of airports have increased significantly, customers count have gra dually declined. These can be attributed to the increased competition due to close proximity, more choices among passengers, ease of travel and services offered by different airports. There are multiple ownership structures in case of UK airports, including wholly private, public-private, local government and mixed ownership. An example of

The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven Essay

The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven - Essay Example However Sherman Alexie doesn’t get satirical at all. He in his simple tones and simple style puts across the reader as what happened in the lives of his people. His metaphors although strong don’t overwhelm the reader. These metaphors come from his background, the culture he has been brought up in and the traditions and stories passed on from one generation to another. The thesis for analysis for this essay is the style of Sherman Alexie’s writing style which is literal and metaphorical, human and natural with a mix of reality and fantasy. The powerful use of metaphors and subtle hint towards magical realism gives a very special effect to the art of Sherman Alexie’s story telling. From the perspective of literature, they present many stories under one title. Some stories are kept in the background but their effects are seen on the characters and stories on the foreground, while some stories may go hand in hand in one story presented. Although the reader is reading many stories in one story, the main thread is not lost, which is what makes Sherman Alexie’s writing style unique and captivating. ... The party that is going on in the house is a vain attempt to fill the house with colours and laughter. In the same story Victor also states about the abject poverty during the festival time and his father being penniless to buy gifts for the family and the friends. The scene when Victor sees his father pulling out his wallet continuously, examining it as if there is miraculously going to be some money inside and keeping it back in the pocket touches every reader. It gives a very powerful picture in a very simple language. During other hurricanes broadcast on the news, Victor had seen crazy people tie themselves to trees on the beach. Those people wanted to feel the force of the hurricane first hand, wanted it to be like an amusement ride, but the thin ropes were broken and the people were broken. Sometimes the trees themselves were pulled from the ground and both the trees and the people tied to the trees were carried away. (Every Little Hurricane) Victor sees people hanging on, thin king that the hurricane will pass. He also talks about the people who were not party to the war, maybe by their own will or by situation, but they were affected alike by the war. He talks about people who tie themselves to trees to watch the hurricane, to feel it. Not all people participating in the action had a high end motive like sacrifice for the people and all, but they did participate in what was going on. Pulling out of trees indicates that whatever we stick to as a solid ground or possibly fundamental also gets shaken from the roots. The events and occurrences around you are so strong that they uproot you and change your direction altogether. One big hurricane in the story gives way to other little

Canada’s Most Defining Moments Essay Example for Free

Canada’s Most Defining Moments Essay Canada is a one of the wealthiest countries in the world but Canada didn’t just become wealthy overnight. Canada has many accomplishments and failures but the most defining moments in Canadian history were both the failures and accomplishments in the economy or economy related. The three most defining moments in Canadian history were; the stock market crash, which led to the â€Å"Great Depression†, the baby boom on the other hand led to increases in jobs during the 1960’s, and finally GST replaced â€Å"Manufacture Sales Tax† (MST) in 1990. The morning of October 24th 1929 is known as â€Å"Black Thursday† because on this day the stock market crashed in America but it affected most of the world including Canada. The cause of this crash in Canada was because of citizens buying ‘on margin’ which is borrowing money from banks and only putting down 10-20% of the loan. The crash caused the 1930’s to be a period of great depression for citizens. This brought the country into a state of panic and many people committed suicide because of the stock market crash. In only 2 days the market had dropped an average of 20%. The stock market crash was a spark that led Canada and many other countries into a â€Å"Great Depression†. Other factors that contributed to Canada’s Great Depression were: the dependence on the United States, over-production and over-expansion, and dependence on the primary industry, these were all long term causes. Many companies in Canada were in debt because of over-pro duction and over-expansion. This caused many of those companies to crumble and if these companies were still up and running they could have brought Canada money from international trade. Companies weren’t the only businesses effected, farming, logging, mining, and pretty much the entire primary industry was falling and Canada wasn’t producing any money and practically all exports were to a halt. The Great Depression was stopped by the start of the second world war because of people desperately looking for jobs, so they joined the army. Canada became a more feared country, thus Canada helped win battles like D-Day and the Italian Campaign. Along with the success Canada has had in world war two, the baby boom generation occurred between 1945 to 1964, which increased the population. The cause of the baby boom was essentially the great depression because numerous Canadians enrolled in the military. Canadians want to make a quick buck and not expecting to fight for years. Canadians went to battle for six years without women and when soldiers returned from the war they had an urge for intercourse with their girlfriends or wives and that’s what started the baby boom. The next generation would need to produce more consumer items and build more houses due to the sheer number of baby boomers, more power and water would also be required to run those homes. Therefore with these new demands we need to open more jobs to satisfy those demands. The baby boomer generation is even effecting us now, 66 years later. They are going to soon influence skill trades in Canada because the baby boomers in those jobs are near retirement. There is going to be a shortage of people to fill those jobs; especially because of parents wanting their children to go to university, therefore not getting a job in the skill trades. Many jobs like caregivers for example will require more people because of the sudden increase in elderly citizens. We are also going to need to pay for the baby boomer’s healthcare and security income and that will come from our taxes. Canada could be in trouble for the future because we don’t have the people to fill those jobs and we don’t have the money to pay for their health care and security insurance. The Canadian government can’t pay for the health care and security insurance without enforcing some type of tax, and that is exactly what they did. Prime minister Brian Mulroney and financial minister Michael Wilson introduced the idea of a Goods and Services Tax (GST) to replace Manufacture Service Tax (MST) and Federal Telecommunication Tax. This new tax is suppose to be implemented to all provinces except Alberta because they already had their own sales tax at a retail level. GST saved Canada from debt of the first world war, even though GST wasn’t introduced until 1990, MST was the little brother of GST. The government decided that MST was the best way to pay for the debt and essentially it was, but most Canadians and manufacturers strongly disliked this tax. GST was promoted as revenue-neutral in relation to the MST, the shifting of the tax away from exported manufactured goods would make life more costly for Canadians. Thus Canadians were against GST and manufactures were worried that the tax would hurt their sales internationally. The GST is affecting us every day, because if you are Canadian and you pay for a product or service; you are hit with a 13% fee and that is HST (PST and GST combined). The most critical moments in Canadian history were all economic related. Once the stock market crashed in 1929, it caused panic, mayhem, and an economic crisis of great magnitude. The baby boom was a complete opposite; it gave Canadians more jobs and soon we are going to have too many jobs and not enough people to fill those jobs in the 1960’s. GST is still Affects our everyday lives because everyone pays taxes when buying a consumer product and it has been that way since 1990. Canada could be in trouble economically in the near future. Since the baby boom is retiring; I would predict that Canadians will have to paying more taxes due to the extra costs of healthcare and as throughout history, Canadians have had a burning hatred towards taxes and especially increases in those taxes. This could possibly cause an uproar in the future.

Control Of Sulphur Dioxide Environmental Sciences Essay

Control Of Sulphur Dioxide Environmental Sciences Essay SO2 is an kind of industry air pollution mostly from oil and coal consumption , industry activities and traffics.According to research of EAP(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) more than 100 million tons sulphur dioxide is discharged into the atmosphere every year all over the world.In the nature,most of the sulphur emissions are in the H2S(hydrogen sulphide),CS2(carbon disulphide),COS(carbonyl sulphide) and some organic compouds.Through burning,these organics which contain sulphur element discharge the sulphur dioxide to the atmosphere,which is able to lead serious environmental problem and harm humans health.SO2 pollution may cause plants dead in a extremely high speed,and is dissolved easily into the wind,which may cause the acid rain that may distroy the outdoor buildings.The most importantly,high concentrated SO2 in the atmosphere is able to kill people or cause serious ills including bronchitis, emphysema and oculoglandular conjunctivitis.Moreover,the sulfuric acid,is a seco ndary pollutant.When sulphur dioxide is involved in additional chemical reactions,it can react with oxygen and water to sulfuric acid which is the constituent of acid rain.(NATHANSON,J.(1986)) Generally,to solve the serious environmental problem,there are two research torwards in removing sulphur dioxide:pretreatment and afterwards absorbing. No matter what methods people use were all included in such two research directions. Pretreatment means separate the sulfur element from the coal mineral before it was burned. Because the main organises of sulfur element in coal are FeS2 and organic sulfur, generally, in industry people often use independent ways to do separation. For the inorganic sulfur including FeS2, the most traditional way is gravitational segregation which means separate the ore containing sulfur element from the coal with the differences in density. Such method is extremely financial and technical simple, however its effects sometimes are limited. Because of the differentia of the coal ore all over the world, the strainaway rate of the sulfur element is highly different. In some area the gravitational segregation can remove approximately 90% of the sulfur element in coal ore, while in some certain coal mines of 40% of the total sulfur content can be wiped off. For the organic sulfur element, it seems that there is not a efffective pretreatment approach to solve it. What people can do is just absorb the SO2 from burning organic sulfocompound. Unfortunately, because of the complicated organization of organic matter, generally, the sulfur contained in the coal ore would be burned in to a series of sulfocompounds including H2S,CS2,SO,SO2 instead of only SO2.So before people assimilate the SO2, people have to transform these compounds into SO2 first. Nowdays the most common way is fluidized bed. Fludized bed is a kind of organization for gasification of coal which is created by Fritz Winkler of Germany on December 16, 1921. Since the early 1960s, Douglas Elliott put forward that the coal should be burned instead of gasifying coal in a bubbling fluidized bed, because the it can generate steam by immersing boiler tubes. In 1982, the first CFB boiler which can burn low-grade coal was built in the Vereingte Aluminum Werke at Luenen, Germany in 1982 which is designed exclusively for the supply of steam and heat. The general gas-solid fluidizetion has 5 major application: Energy conversion, Petro-chemical processing, Mineral processing, Chemical and pharmaceutical and Physical processing, and the basic one is energy conversion. FIGURE 1.2 Schematic of a high temperature fluidized bed gasifier In general coal would be fed into bubbling fludized bed at 950 degree. Steam would be fed into the base of the fluidized bed through a sparge pipe-type of distributor. Then the coal would leave the hot solids in the bed and the cleaned and used gasification products leave the bed from the top. In this process limestone (CaCO3) and dolomite (CaCO3Â ·MgCO3) would be mixed with the coal ores to abstract the SO2 from the burning.The chemical equation is as follow: (1.1) After the fluidized bed step, there is still approximately 20% SO2 left in the offgas. To solve this SO2, people need some technologies including Calcium-Based Reactions and Sodium-Based Reactions, which were called afterburning absorbing. Until now, there is not a cheap and effective approach.The effective methods usually are expensive and lay a heavy burdon on finance,at the same time ,the cheap ones disable to remove the sulphur dioxide satisfactorily. The major information of this paper includes the benefits and defects of the traditional ways controlling the SO2, the rational of the new aspect: magnetic method, the problems may meet and the solutions of this approach..The ultimate purpose of the assignment is to point out a solution both financial and efficient.All the experiments and theories mentioned in this essay are based on theories and logical deductions. Analysis Advantages Nowdays in technology aspect people are able to control the SO2 letting effectively, after all the steps the SO2 discharged into the atmosphere is less then 1%. Materials of these technologies are all hackneved,. Moreover, some certain technologies can produce a series of cost efficient second products such as vitrol and compound fertilizers. Pretreatment is best method to control the sulfur dioxide, personally. Not only because the FeS2 can be separated from the coal ore easily, but also FeS2 can be another useful materials in industry. Because of the characters of coal mines, the associate ore of coal is FeS2 generally. As a result the FeS2 ore occupies a big part of coal mines in anywhere of the world, and the FeS2 ore is the most common material of puddling. So the pretreatment is a both efficient and financial approach. Fluidized bed is the second steps of the whole sulfur dioxide, the absobents of fluidized bed are very cheap and common. So this technology resently is used widly in the countries which are occupying a roomy area such as China and American as a normal skill. And such technology is extraordinary suit for the large-scale factories. Afterburning absorbing is the most efficient way to control the sulfur dioxide discharging regardless of the concentration. The ultimate consistence of SO2 in off gas which is disposed by the afterburning absorbing usually is less than 5%. In summary, the technologys resent used in the SO2 control are highly mature, however there are still some disadvantages can not be ignored. Disadvantages Although pretreatment is the most efficient and financial method to control the sulfur dioxide, it has the deadliest defect: the restriction of area. Because of the difference of the organization of coal ore in different area, such technology disables to be spreaded. For the fluidized bed the problems are secondary products and the processing ratio.When the chalks go into the boiler the active principle, CaCO3 would be resolve into CaO and CO2. The burned CO2 would sepatate out and enlarge the interspace on the CaO to form the lacunose CaO which can response with the SO2 easily. However it is impossible to make all of the CaO be the CaSO4, because the sulphating would make the interspace fullfilled by CaSO4. As a result the most chalks would not response with the SO2 and a great deal of chalks are wasted. Moreover, the secondary products are the mixture of CaSO4, CaO and CaCO3, so that the only way to manage them is dumping which may cause the salinized land. Afterburning absorbing is an efficient approach including wet limestone, wet soda ash/caustic lime spray dryer, circulating lime reactor and sodium bicarbonate/trona injection to control the SO2,however, it also has irrefusable disadvantages: the finance. After the advanced two step there is a lot of SO2 in the offgas, most of which is CO2, so that afterburning absorbing usually is extremely expensive. Moreover such technology has a great deal of problems such as the corrosion on equipments, pipeline blocking and the lack of material use ratio. Discussion Rationale Personally, the basic method to control the sulfur dioxide from the coal, is to separate the sulfur element from the coal ore before burning. In other words, to forbide the shaping of sulfur dioxide is the best way to control it .This kind of ideas is not impossible. If we can make most of the sulfur element separated from the coal before burned into sulfur dioxide, we do not need the afterburn aborbing. Personally people should use another aspect to think about the coal burning. The coal ore is consist of FeS2, ash content and organic organizations. After the pretreatment, almost all of the FeS2 would be remove out of the coal ore, so most of the substance left is organics and ash content. In the fluidized bed, the coal would be transfor into gas, the majority of which is CO2 and sulfide gas. Fortunately the CO2 molecule organizationis nonpolar, and the most of sulfide gas is polar molecule, such as SO2. As we know gaseous phase and solid phase do not have the material difference, nowdays the magnetic force is used widely in the solid waste control. So it is possible that use the magnetic force in separating two kinds of gas which have differences in magnetism. Problems may meet and solution The biggest problem people may meet is the differences between CO2 and sulfur dioxide are too small. This kind of force is only a little bigger than VDW(Van der Waals force), it is impossible to separate all of the CO2 and sulfide gas completely. The method to solve this problem actually is very easy, which is magnify the differences of force suffered. As we know, at the same temperature and pession, the density of SO2 is bigger than that of CO2, that means the climbing velocity of CO2 is bigger than SO2. All the factories need chimneys which are used to let the off gas to upper atmosphere to forbid the impact on daily life. If we add a magnetic field at the bottom of the chimney, it is sure that CO2 would climb up much faster than SO2. That means we can magnify the differences of suffered force between SO2 and CO2. The second problem of this opinion is how to gather the SO2. In my way, it is still to use the magnetic force. The chimney in my plan is not simple one, it should the a concentric tube. There would be a lot of interspace all over the inside tube, which is used to separate the SO2 from the off gas. In the whole chimney, there would be a magnetic field, so that SO2 in the off gas would suffer the magnetic force which is able to make the SO2 run over the inside tube. The outside tube is obfurage, so that SO2 would not be discharged into the atmosphere. The last problem is finance. It seems that the technologies and skills used nowdays play a better role in financial problems than the method mentioned above due to the high cost of basic built and daily power consumption. Although I can not submit the compellent datas about the basic built and daily consumption, I strongly believe that it performs better on the finance than the technologies and skills used now. Most skills of afterburning absorb would consume 15% electronic of the total vield for power plant. That means only 85% power is useful. On the other hand the power consumed in establishing magnetic field is obviously much less. All the power plants in the world would have chimneys, so the basic building cost would not be unacceptable. Furthurmore the secondary product: sulfur dioxide is the resource of manufacturing vitriol. In my opinion, the consumption in power even would be less than the money earned from the secondary product. Advantages and disadvantages In comparison of any other technologies and skills, the ultimate advantage of magnetic force is no secondary pollution. No matter what kind of skills used now have the problem of secondary pollution, such as the mixture of CaCO3 and CaSO4. These substances can not be recycled and do not have financial values, the simple managements such as landfill may cause the salinization and soil erosion. On the other side the secondary products of the magnetic method is the mixture of SO2 and CO2. This mixture is able to react with O2 under the catalysis of V2O5 to produce vitriol which can be the chemical engineering material. Furthurmore, this approach is extremely suitable for the Third World Countries. As we know, because of the financial problems the environmental problems in the Third World Countries usually are usually negelected. Controlling the sulfur dioxide is a heavy burdon on the companies and coutries of the Third World. If they can gain economic benefits from controlling SO2, it i s obvious that there would not be any problems on the popularize in the Third World countries. However, it also has some problems the most evident one is the problem of strainaway rate. Due to the restriction of circumstance, I can not do any experiment until now, so nobody knows how much the strainaway rate is. The most urgent and effective solution is doing experiments. Any valuable and successful technologies and skills are based on doing a mass of experiment to find problems and change the process. Moreover it seems that to reach the target mentioned above, there would be a simple but endless process, that means it is only suitable to the sweeping factories. Conclusion In conclusion, the way that author put forward obviously is a new aspect to regard the control of sulfur dioxide. After more than 100 years research on the traditional methods, they are all extremely ripe and difficult to improve. The magenic approach has the innate superiorities in comparision of the traditional ways. It is a definit physical technology which means there would not be any new extra pllutant to harm the environment. Moreover compared with the other new methods researched now, it is incredible convinient. All the basic building can be remaked from the existing equipments such as chimney and fluidized bed. In developing countries such as China and Africa countries which are not willing to pay attention on the environmenal protection, this technology can improve their enthusiasm, because they can gain a high economical benefits from the secondary products: vitrial with only a little investment. Although there are still some undeniable problems on this magenic way, it mus t be a valuable toward to research. The method mentioned in this paper is based on the 4 years experience in studying environmental subject of the author. Although the perspective and theoretical knowledge are sometimes naive and idealize, I strongly believe that this method must be valuable. Not only because the method itself, but also the aspect to deliberate and research. Environmental science is a wide ranged major which is not restricted in chemistry or biology, but also physics, physical chemistry, manage and biochemistry. The workers of protecting environment should expanse their own field of vision to all the relational knowledge instead of the major itself. In this career, not matter the organizations and physical properties, not matter the fields people consentrate on, as environment protection workers, we can all learn a lot of things and acquire inspiration from the whole science and engineering region.

Community Service in High School Essay

Community service, work done without pay, is becoming increasingly familiar to high school students nation-wide. Schools are encouraging student to participate in communities that contribute so much to their public education. However, requiring 100 hours of community service is asking too much of students and should be reduced to 50 hours. Students already have their hands full among homework, clubs, sports, and their actual lives. Because the work may not be volunteering if it is required, then students can receive grades and credits that will show up on their transcripts for the community service they volunteer for. It is true of course, that requiring 50 hours of community service would take up students’ time for homework, clubs, and sports, but the service could be completed during the summer and student would have 4 years of their high school career to complete. Wouldn’t requiring the volunteer work make it not voluntary? Well, yes, of course! But it would give stu dents the chance to say, â€Å"I am never doing that again†, or â€Å"I am glad I did that.† Academic gain. Students will tend to do better in school because they would be able to apply what they are learning in school. Increase in self-efficiency for students because they learn that they can all make a difference in what they do, â€Å"Can-do-attitude.† Additionally students will increase their problem-solving skills, while volunteering students will run into problems that requires the use of their brain to solve. Again, applying what they lean in school to use in â€Å"real-life.† Right out of high school, students who volunteer are more likely to vote based on the attitude –â€Å"I can make a difference† – they get from the community service they partake in. Potential employers would see the community service hours attractive. That attraction could lead to a career, not just a job. The hours volunteered in the community could also help students receive future scholarships. The connections students create when meeting new faces or organizations would help with scholarships – the more people/organizations a students know = more possibilities of a recommendation. Community service would be beneficial for all that are involved. Students learning skill that prove beneficial for life. The community being able to receive back what they contribute to public education. So yes, requiring community service hours to graduate high school should be passed.

English Assignment Essay

Powerful characters have the ability to persuade and change their peers and their use of values and attitudes. Harper Lee’s novel ‘To kill a Mockingbird’ is a classic text which foregrounds the prejudice, in the form of social commentary. The novel engages the readers’ view using an episodic structure. The story is narrated through the eyes of a grown up Scout, representing Harper Lee herself. Another similar story ‘A time to kill’ by John Grisham defence of a Negro by white lawyer. In this story, the Negro, Carl Lee Hailey is accused of the alleged shooting of two-white men who raped his ten year old daughter. These two novels illustrate how the rights of Negroes are ignored. Body 1. Atticus Finch is a lawyer in Maycomb which is a small, narrow-minded town with an unusual disease (95). A prejudice disease. He displays tolerance, understanding of another person’s point of view and being able to stand in another person shoes. He stands up for what is right and takes the case even though he’ll lose and believes in individual conscience, the essence of a person’s conscience (114). A symbol of reason and justice. * He uses powerful words to move the jury to be unprejudiced and fair by speaking of equality and how the stupid man is the equal of an Einstein and an ignorant man is the equal of any college president. Powerful conclusion to speech I am confident that you gentlemen will review without passion the evidence you have heard†¦ do your duty (224) although he failed in Tom’s case because he lived in the real world. A world of prejudice. 2. Wanda Womack, one of the jurors deciding the results of the case, convinces the other jurors with her powerful languages. She appeals to the other jurors with the sense of honesty and ask them to be honest with yourself (504). Throughout her influential speech, she uses persuasive technique by getting them to envisage the situation in reverse, pretend that the little girl had blond hair and blue eyes, that the two rapists were black†¦. and told them to imagine that the little girl belonged to them – their daughters (513). Because of this courageous white woman, the jury voted that jury finds the defendant not guilty by reason of insanity (508). 3. Atticus beliefs represented by Harper Lee through the character of Atticus. In his speech, he talks about the evil assumption – that all Negroes lie, that all Negroes are basically immoral beings that all Negro men are not to be trusted around our women (223). He does not believe it because it applies to white people as well. Atticus believes that all men are created equal (224) but that it is ugly facts of life (240) that in our courts, when it’s a white man’s world against a black man’s, the white man always wins (240). He believes in his moral responsibility. 4. Wanda asks the other jury to search your heart and take a long look at your soul (503) & (504) 5. Did the characters change their peers’ attitudes? Atticus did not change their peers, even though he used the power of the language and use of values and attitudes. Atticus used every tool available to free men to save Tom Robinson†¦. Tom was a dead man the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed. However, in the other hand, Wanda changed their peers. She asked the Jurors to put themselves in Carl Lee’s shoes. She used the language to promote empathy. Conclusion 2 novels explored the issue of racial prejudice and justice through the trials of two black men. Through the persuasive language of 2 characters, they prick the conscience of people who are riddled with prejudice and hypocrisy. Atticus and Wanda struggled for justice while they struggle for justice, they displayed values and belief. Regardless of the outcome, they both powerfully presented their case to defend the two defendants.

Taught To Teach Professor Ramos Blog

Taught To Teach Growing up as a middle child in a large family there was always something to do. Playing hide and seek with my younger siblings or getting dressed up with my older sister. But through all the fun there were also chores that needed to be done. With such a large family we needed to help each other so that Mom would not pull her hair out and ground us all. My big sister Kayla was left in charge and she looked to me for help or how I looked at it as bossing me around. She was the foreman on the construction site and I was just a grunt. As she sat on the couch giving me orders I thought to myself , â€Å" Someone should give her a bell.† I had to help my sisters and brothers get ready in the morning like a mother duck and her ducklings by making breakfast, making sure that they were fed, that their teeth were brushed. My job was to make sure they were ready for school and that I was as well. These moments, good and bad taught me to care for young children. These beginning tools set me on my way to become a teacher. As I continued through school and began to reach the end, the big important question of â€Å"What are you going to be ?† came up . Just like in kindergarten when the teacher asked if you wanted to be a police officer or a firefighter. There where so many options to choose from.The school passed out a test which would determine what you should be. This test gave you different options to choose from that your skills would match up well with. But so many questions and doubts ran through my head. â€Å" Am I going to be good at that?† Or â€Å" Will I be happy with my job choice?† My test results were in! They told me I should become an aero mechanic or a teacher. I left that day with so many thoughts, until I realized I was no good at math so aero mechanic would be out of the question. Teaching sounded like the best possibility especially with all the training I had acquired from my home life. With my new found knowledge of what I might be good at , I entered the mountain scholar program, which taught me how to manage money and how to properly dress for a job interview. This program would give me the skills to apply for my first real job as a teacher. Our advisor Mr Kevin who was a large man with a jolly laugh, kind of looked like a Santa wanna be, sat with a group of teenagers and asked us â€Å" What do you want be ?† Once again I was being asked this question. And without thinking I gave him a piece of my mind . â€Å" Hell if I know!† I responded. He went on to give me the big speech about you can be anything you want to be as long as you put your mind to it. But this made me think â€Å" I was great with children and with some schooling I could be a teacher.† After a long search I found an opening at the local Boys and Girls Club. I applied and was accepted! Mrs. Beckey, an old skinny woman was my boss and would show me around the center. About thirty kids from the local elementary school attended this after school program. I was told to manage the children and keep them on schedule, this meant I was to play and interact with the students while keeping everything running smoothly. â€Å" Easy !† I thought. I had done this millions of times while getting my siblings ready for school. However it was not at all what I expected . My day consisted of Johnny hitting Sara and Rachel wetting her pants. Oh yea she’s hungry too! Let’s just say the day did not go as planned and I left feeling a little low about myself. However on the worst first day of my young adult life I learned some valuable information. I learned not to allow myself to become overwhelmed, you need to step back once in a while and collect yourself. Also I realized that I needed to pay more attention to the students body language and social behavior. For example if I had noticed Rachel doing the potty dance in the corner I could have sent her to the restroom. Second, if I saw Johnny teasing Sara for losing a game of tetherball, it would have never escalated to hitting. Through one of the most difficult days of my job career I learned many valuable tools that I have taken with me throughout my career. A couple of years down the road I found myself at Kids Corner preschool as a teachers assistant. This is where I learned how the classroom processed. I was encouraged to enroll into college classes for my certification in early childhood education. Through these classes I have come to understand how a young child develops socially and cognitive. But the most valuable knowledge I have encountered was from being hands on in the classroom setting. Being able to interact with my students and staff members has helped me understand that nothing can prepare you for what could happen while working with young child. However with the skills and knowledge I gained at the Boys and Girls Club and my own family I feel confident in my skills as a teacher.

How Climate Change Is Affecting California Professor Ramos Blog

How Climate Change Is Affecting California Will Climate Change leave California a disintegrated, arid wasteland? What even is climate change in the first place? The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change states that climate change is simply ‘â€Å"any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ in the article, What Is Climate Change? (Pielke Jr 31). Those who do not know very much about climate change will be granted a range of information specifically about California’s environment and how climate change is shifting it in many ways. Climate change is a very concerning topic for environmental scientists, but the concern shouldn’t be limited to them. This issue affects every Californian citizen, whether directly or indirectly. Climate change is a rather controversial subject because of the correlation between certain human activities and global warming, a type of climate change which has resulted in a slightly higher average worldwide te mperature in recent decades. An intimidating aspect of global warming that has already showed itself in recent times is a higher frequency of wildfires. Exploration of scientific journals and research explains how climate change is affecting California’s wildfire activity, weather patterns, and ecosystems. Through the evidence found, humans may better understand the role they play in the changing climate. According to the joint study by L. Mann and colleagues,  Incorporating Anthropogenic Influences into Fire Probability Models: Effects of Human Activity and Climate Change on Fire Activity in California, wildfire frequency is expected to increase with the changing climate in California (2). In order to support the data given in the article, the researchers use climate models, which are compiled calculations of future climate that use all potential effective factors to show the shifts in climate (2). However, even with these highly specialized forecasting projectors, wildfire frequency and location are still extremely difficult to predict (2). Human population growth in California and climate change variability lead to relatively no real way to extrapolate a wildfire. According to the same study, the majority of fires in the state are actually caused  by  people (2). An approximation of 95% of wildfires are instigated by people alone, which acts as evidence of the potential corre lation between population growth and increasing fire activity (L. Mann et al. 2). Climatic influences are still definitely present though. According to this same study, the number of wildfires is expected to grow with â€Å"increased spring and summer temperatures, early snowmelt, and decreased precipitation† (16). This is a valid prediction, as lower levels of rainfall cause a drier, more fire-prone landscape. From this study’s evidence and predictions, it can be concluded that both population growth and climate change are partially responsible for the increasing number of wildfires in California. To provide a broad idea of the future frequencies of wildfires, the authors state that â€Å"the total area burned in the state is estimated to increase from somewhere between +15 and 50%† which tells scientists that the state could potentially experience many more wildfires than normal (2). This article is useful because we can see some of the ways in which climate c hange is making predictability of wildfires more difficult for scientists. While wildfires are a hot topic in the climate change discussion, weather patterns are also crucial to this issue. What exactly does climate change mean for weather patterns in California? For California, it is all about temperature. According to the article, The Key Role of Heavy Precipitation Events in Climate Model Disagreements of Future Annual Precipitation Changes in California, the increasing temperatures in California are not necessarily causing a drop in the frequency of rain, but instead they are affecting the distribution (W. Pierce et al. 5880). Days with minimal rainfall are expected to decrease, while days of intense rainfall are projected to increase (W. Pierce et al. 5880). This increase in severely rainy days will mostly affect Northern California in the case of flooding and the damage it can cause (W. Pierce et al. 5885). Southern California is expected to have a slight decrease in the number of precipitation events, with a very small increase in intense precipitati on occurrences (W. Pierce et al. 5885). This means that overall, California will most likely experience less annual rainfall, but events of precipitation will be more intense at times (W. Pierce et al. 5885). From this information, it can be concluded that there is a strong possibility of more flooding in California, especially for the Northern side. It can also be concluded that there will indeed be more days with no precipitation. Turning to a different aspect of this subject of the climate warming, it is important to consider how ecosystems are adapting to this in California. According to the article by multiple authors, Predicting consequences of climate change for ecosystem functioning: variation across trophic levels, species and individuals, species’ reactions to rising temperatures vary. To test this, the members of this study conducted an experiment on three Californian marine species, A. Lacertosa (otherwise known as the sea flea), A. Sectimanus (a small crustacean), and   A. Angusta (another small crustacean). The experiment was conducted to observe potential effects that increased temperature had on these species’ biomass (overall mass of the species in the trial). Only one of the species, A. Lacertosa, had a dramatic increase in biomass with increasing temperatures. This experiment only accounts for a very small amount of marine life but it is important because it shows that temperat ure affects species in different ways. This was apparent later in the study when Ulva (otherwise known as sea lettuce) was negatively affected by temperature increase, as the A. Lacertosa’s dramatic population increase led to the Ulva being consumed faster than it could grow (J. Best et al.). According to the article, Adapting California’s Ecosystems to a Changing Climate, other ecosystems have different concerns, for instance, endangered desert species â€Å"such as the desert tortoise . . ., the desert bighorn sheep . . ., and the Mohave ground squirrel† are potentially even more at risk due to the warming climate and reduced precipitation (Chornesky et al. 252). While these species are a very small percentage of those effected by climate change, the danger that this issue presents for ecosystems is the dramatic altering that can occur. Ecosystems are important because they aid humans with â€Å"water storage and delivery, flood protection, nutrient cycling, carbon storage . . .,† and if they change, they may not be able to provide humans with those benefits (Chornesky et al. 247). Now that some of the effects of climate change have been discussed, data on human influence on California’s climate will be provided. The main type of climate change discussed so far has been global warming. This just so happens to be the main type of climate change that humans have influenced. To understand this, one must understand greenhouse gases, which are gases that allow the atmosphere to absorb and keep in heat. Greenhouse gases have always been around, Earth wouldn’t even be habitable without them, but they can have some negative effects when excessive amounts are in the atmosphere. The use of fossil fuels, which release greenhouse gases, as an energy source originally became widespread during the industrial revolution. That trend is still in play and continues to allow the emission of these gases into the atmosphere. This accumulation of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere is one of the causes of the increased aver age worldwide temperature. As mentioned before, greenhouse gases allow the absorption and containment of heat in the atmosphere. To back this up, Dr. Mark Trexler states in the article, Prospects for Future Climate Change and the Reasons for Early Action, that many â€Å"human activities contribute to the GHG emissions that are linked to global climate change† (Edgerton et al. 1393). To clarify, GHG stands for ‘greenhouse gas,’ and Trexler is saying that a lot of daily activities require energy that produces greenhouse gases which contribute to climate change both worldwide and in California. This should be a concern for all Californians because this is something for which nearly all citizens of the state are partially responsible. There are various ways in which climate change has affected various environmental subjects such as the adapting of ecosystems, shifting weather patterns, and the increasing frequency of wildfires. These data should be useful for ordinary Californian citizens who aren’t familiar with climate change. A brief idea was given of how wildfires are becoming more frequent with the warming California’s climate and human population growth, but predictability of these events is limited (L. Mann et al. 2). Ecosystems are affected by the rising temperatures differently, some are thriving and even overproducing, while others struggle (J. Best et al.). The weather itself is changing in California, people can expect less rainy days, but when it does rain, it might be quite a drenching (W. Pierce et al. 5885). The factor of human influence on the climate has been backed by a scientific article, so from that it can be concluded that humans are partially responsible for the climate change we are experiencing today, mainly global warming (Edgerton et al. 1393). The climate change discussion an is important one, and we need to keep it going. While not all consequences of this phenomenon are negative, there are some serious factors to consider, like global warming. In the article, Prospects for Future Climate Change and the Reasons for Early Action, Dr. Alberto Ayala contends that, â€Å"Continued warming is inevitable, but the world needs to greatly reduce its GHG emissions to avoid catastrophic effects on many sectors of the California economy. These effects include increases in the number of extreme heat days by up to a factor of 10 by the end of the century. Climate change will also make meeting our goals to improve air quality much more difficult to achieve† (Edgerton et al. 1391). By this he means that there is a potential danger to the rising temperature, and humans have the power to prevent a potentially disastrous future by simply reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. Annotated Bibliography: Best, Rebecca J., et al. â€Å"Predicting Consequences of Climate Change for Ecosystem                    Functioning: Variation across Trophic Levels, Species and Individuals.†Ã‚  Diversity         Distributions, vol. 21, no. 12, Dec. 2015, pp. 1364–1374.  EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/ddi.12367.   http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=a9hAN=110641619site=ehost- live This article is a brief summary of experimental data from trials involving certain     marine animals. The aim of the experiment was to determine how rising temperature     has an     effect on various species. I am using this source to provide data on how global     warming     has an effect on ecosystems. The study was conducted by Bodega Marine     Laboratory      Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis CA,     so I assume it     is credible, it is also peer reviewed and scholarly. 2. Chornesky, Elizabeth A., et al. â€Å"Adapting California’s Ecosystems to a Changing     Climate.†Ã‚  BioScience, vol. 65, no. 3, Mar. 2015, pp. 247–262.  EBSCOhost,     search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=a9hAN=101371938site=ehost-live. This article is about climate change and its role in changing ecosystems. Also discussed     in this article is how humans are acting to protect certain ecosystems from being     altered in a negative manner. I am using this article to discuss a few more species that     are affected by climate change. This article had numerous authors, all of which having     affiliations with environmental departments, so I assume it is credible. Also, this is a     scholarly, peer reviewed article. 3. Edgerton, Sylvia A., et al. â€Å"Prospects for Future Climate Change and the Reasons for     Early Action.†Ã‚  Journal of the Air Waste Management Association (Air Waste     Management Association), vol. 58, no. 11, Nov. 2008, pp. 1386–1400.  EBSCOhost,     doi:10.3155/1047-3289.58.11.1386. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?     direct=truedb=a9hAN=35128410site=ehost-live This article compiles the comments of multiple environmental experts.   Future     implications of climate change and human impacts on climate are discussed. I am using     this article to add credibility to statements made in my paper and to explain how     humans have influenced the climate. The authors are from various Universities,     institutes, and environmental departments, so I assume they are credible. This also a     peer reviewed, scholarly article. 4. Mann, Michael L., et al. â€Å"Incorporating Anthropogenic Influences into Fire Probability     Models: Effects of Human Activity and Climate Change on Fire Activity in     California.†Ã‚  Plos One, vol. 11, no. 4, Apr. 2016, p. e0153589.  EBSCOhost,     doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153589. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?     direct=truedb=cmedmAN=27124597site=ehost-live This article discusses in great detail the fact that climate change is not the only influence     on increased fire activity. This source brings to light the fact that humans are the     ignitors of most fires in the state of California. I am using this source to give evidence of     climate change being a partial cause of the increasing intensity of wildfires, while also     taking into account human influence as well. The numerous authors are associated with     various environmental departments, so I assume it is credible. This article is also     scholarly and peer reviewed. 5. Pielke Jr., Roger A. â€Å"What Is Climate Change?†Ã‚  Issues in Science Technology, vol. 20, no.     4, Summer 2004, pp. 31-34. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?        direct=truedb=a9hAN=13872536site=ehost-live. This article uses several definitions of climate change formulated by scientific     departments to give the reader an idea of what climate change is. Also discussed in this     article is the fact that scientist sometimes have differing views on how to define climate     change. I am using this article simply to define my topic of climate change. The author     is the Director of the Center for Science and Technology Policy Research, University of     Colorado in Boulder, Colorado, so I assume he is credible. This is also a peer reviewed,     scholarly article. 6. Pierce, David W., et al. â€Å"The Key Role of Heavy Precipitation Events in Climate Model     Disagreements of Future Annual Precipitation Changes in California.†Ã‚  Journal of     Climate, vol. 26, no. 16, Aug. 2013, pp. 5879–5896.  EBSCOhost, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-     00766.1. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?     direct=truedb=a9hAN=89587578site=ehost-live This article discusses the future rates and intensities of precipitation in California.     Climate models are used and explain that there will probably be more dry days in the     future, but rainy days might be more intense. I am using this article to explain the     influences that climate change has in weather patterns in California.   The various     authors are all associated with Universities of California, with one exception being from     the California Energy Commission, Sacramento, so I assume this is a credible source.     This is also a peer reviewed, scholarly article. Photo Credits: Link to Desert Picture: https://fthmb.tqn. com/-uyXvH1810Tm8QUPeT33ebdFa48=/9600/filters:no_upscale()/joshua-tree-national-park-california-us-530056063-582c96423df78c6f6a5fbaf7.jpg Link to Car picture: https://pixel.nymag.com/imgs/daily/intelligencer/2018/03/30/30-car-emissions-pollution-epa.w710.h473.jpg Link to Raining/Flooding Picture: floodflaps.com/†¦loads/creative-rain_0.jpg Link to Wildfire Picture: s.hswstatic.com/†¦/wildfire-widescreen-a.jpg

Qatar's CO2 Emissions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Qatar's CO2 Emissions - Research Paper Example Its per capita CO2 emissions are the highest in the world and are three times that of the US (Pearce). Although its emissions have multiplied four fold since 1990, the country is not penalized for it, as it is classified as a developing country, thereby escaping the need to set emission targets as per the Kyoto Protocol (Pearce). Considering the global drive to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment, Qatar has begun taking initiatives to keep its share of the global carbon emissions and greenhouse gases in check. The urgency to introduce measures to reduce its carbon footprint came to global notice after the UNDP Human Development Report of 2007 identified it as being the highest contributor to global carbon emissions with per capita CO2 emissions being 79.3 tones/capita (â€Å"Combating Qatar's CO2 emissions, Carbon World 2009 addresses reduction†). Effect of CO2 Emissions and Green House Gases (GHG) on the Environment Carbon dioxide and other GHGs such as sulphu r dioxide, methane and nitrogen oxides liberated upon burning fossil fuels have massive negative effects on the environment. These gases upon accumulation over the earth cause climatic changes due to global warming, which in turn affect other ecological features of the planet. CO2 and GHGs allow the sun’s heat to reach the earth’s surface; however, they do not allow the infrared light or heat emitted by the earth’s surface from leaving (Williams 6). This process results in the accumulation of heat on earth, much like what happens in a greenhouse. The trapping of heat results in global warming which in turn causes massive alterations in global climates. These climatic changes affect forests, vegetation, agriculture, and rainfall, apart from causing a rise in sea level by melting the polar ice sheets (ReVelle and ReVelle 376). Such changes adversely affect all life forms on earth. However, as Williams points out, the process that is actually occurring is more comp lex than greenhouse effect and global warming (6). He reasons that the earth is not a perfect sphere and has irregular features on its surface such as mountain ranges, forests, oceans, polar ice caps, etc. Not two regions display the same response to excess CO2  ­and GHGs in the environment. Therefore, as Williams argues, â€Å"future climate change is regional, not global† (6). High CO2 emissions lead to adverse effects on the climate, which influences not only agriculture and water levels, but also causes water stress and water insecurity, climatic disasters, adverse effects on human health, and even negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystem (GSDP 17). Considering the complex association between the climate, the environment and greenhouse gas emissions, it is understood that controlling and monitoring the carbon and ecological footprint of manmade processes is an indispensable requirement. Qatar is the Highest Country per Capita in CO2 Emissions As already stated, Qa tar’s per capita CO2 emissions are the highest in the world. The main reason for Qatar’s high CO2 emissions is its extremely high use of energy (Pearce). Qatar has large industries for the extraction and processing of its fossil fuel reserves (GSDP 104). These industries themselves have high energy consumption. Qatar is the largest producer of liquefied natural gas and exports a huge amount of its gas reserves to Europe and North America (Pearce). While liquefied natural gas is a clean fuel, its extraction and liquefaction is a very high energy consuming process and this contributes to the country’s already high carbon footprint. It can thus be said that while the country produces clean fuel that helps other countries meet

Virtual learning environments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Virtual learning environments - Essay Example However, the long run is equally important, because the students are being prepared for it. This is where losses are experienced. To the administrator, the environment may shorten the processes. However, to some others, pressure is experienced in this kind of an environment. While at it, the way forward is to improve the environment so that there is efficiency in the learning environment. Table of Contents Understanding the Virtual Learning Environment 5 The Virtual Learning Environment as a Walled Garden 7 Conclusion 12 Introduction Technology has in many ways changed everyone’s lifestyle. According to Brown & Adler, (2008, p.16-32) the approach people have to life and the means in which given tasks are accomplished has completely changed. The education system has experienced this change, by the introduction of the concept of virtual learning environment. Virtual Learning Environment is a learning experience where students use the web to access academic resources for example class work, various tests, homework among others (Friedman 2005, p.123-125). It is also referred to as Learning Management System When Virtual Learning Environment was first introduced in the learning institution in 1990’s, a wave of pessimism met the concept (Bush & Mott 2009, p.3-20). Lecturers doubted their ability to use the environment. Students on the other hand were limited on the resources necessary to facilitate the environment (Friedman 2005, p.123-125). The concept looked as though it was something that would enable the teachers to evade administration processes. It looked like something in the mirage, probably to be conceived in the minds of many generations to come. However, Sener (1996, p.19-23) explains that technology has a way of making anything attainable, due to its dynamic nature. There are two forms in which virtual learning environment can take place (Gillmor 2006, p. 1-5). Firstly, it can take the form of synchronous learning. In this case, the teacher gives classes live from the web through tools such as power point videos or chatting. Both the teachers and the students are able to interact as they share their views on a given topic. The second aspect of virtual learning environment is that of asynchronous learning. This is also referred to as self spaced method of learning (Holden 1994, p.70-71). The students here are given a chance to act independently, and do the normal class-work. They are also expected to meet certain deadlines, which require commitment to the given tasks. New and better concepts are introduced everyday into the virtual learning environments to attain efficiency and effectiveness in the targeted areas (Friedman 2005, p.123-125). The idea is not limited to a certain location, or done in a specific way. Rather, the idea is flexible, allowing many students to access the information they need in their studies. There is also a shift from the centralization of the concept from the professional teacher. Today, the concept allows for interaction between students and their teachers, and amongst the fellow students. Several tools are used by teachers and students in the web learning. These include: social networks, blogs, wikis, and media sharing among others. Virtual learning environment was first fully embraced in the universities. The concept today has evolved to include all learning

Effects of Green and Blue Light on the Rate of Photosynthesis Lab Report

Effects of Green and Blue Light on the Rate of Photosynthesis - Lab Report Example This essay stresses that since photosynthesis and respiration occur simultaneously, the amount of oxygen generated by the former is cut back by the amount the former consumes. The difference between gross photosynthesis and the amount of oxygen consumed during respiration is referred to as net photosynthesis. This experiment aims to establish the dependence of net photosynthesis on light levels. This paper declares that the first experiment was conducted using the following procedure: Each group cut 10–12 leaf disks from the English Ivy leaves using the paper punch over the weighing paper. This was done to ensure that all the disks are of uniform size. Only those with no tissue damage (jagged edges) were used in the experiment. The next step involved using the syringes to drive out air from the leaf disks. This was done removing the plunger and inserting the disks in the syringe. After this the infiltration solution was added into the syringe up to the 6 ml mark, and the plunger inserted and depressed to remove air. We then covered the tip of the syringe with thumbs and drew the plunger back to create a vacuum for five seconds. The thumb was removed, and the plunger depressed severally until the leaf disks sank. This procedure was repeated to produce four sets of leaf disks for the four replicas of the experiment, hence bringing the sample size to 80. In conducting th e actual experiment, each group added 50 ml of bicarbonate buffer solution into the cylinder and then emptied the infiltration solution and leaf disks from one syringe into the beaker. ... Experiment 1 Materials The materials used in the first experiment were: Leaves (English Ivy) Paper punch Blunt probe Eight 100 ml beakers Bicarbonate solution Infiltration solution 10 ml syringes Cheese cloth Source of light (normal) Stop watches Ruler Calculator Ice bath Blue and green color filters (four of each) Refrigerator Graduate cylinder Weighing paper Method The first experiment was conducted using the following procedure: Each group cut 10–12 leaf disks from the English Ivy leaves using the paper punch over the weighing paper. This was done to ensure that all the disks are of uniform size. Only those with no tissue damage (jagged edges) were used in the experiment. The next step involved using the syringes to drive out air from the leaf disks. This was done removing the plunger and inserting the disks in the syringe. After this the infiltration solution was added into the syringe up to the 6 ml mark, and the plunger inserted and depressed to remove air. We then cover ed the tip of the syringe with thumbs and drew the plunger back to create a vacuum for five seconds. The thumb was removed, and the plunger depressed severally until the leaf disks sank. This procedure was repeated to produce four sets of leaf disks for the four replicas of the experiment, hence bringing the sample size to 80. In conducting the actual experiment, each group added 50 ml of bicarbonate buffer solution into the cylinder and then emptied the infiltration solution and leaf disks from one syringe into the beaker. We then added the rest of the bicarbonate solution into the reaction beaker, discarding leaf disks that did not sink. This was done using 8 beakers, each containing 10

Identify the characteristics beliefs and practises associated with Krishna Essay Example for Free

Identify the characteristics beliefs and practises associated with Krishna Essay And what is the significance for a devotee of Krishna. Krishna is believed to be Vishnus eight incarnations. Vishnu represents the preserver status in the Trimurti but is more frequently appreciated in his incarnation as Krishna. Krishna appears in many mythological stories but is most famously remembered for his part in the Bhagvad Gita. This scripture is believed to have been spoken by Krishna himself. Krishna is seen as a king and a conqueror of demons but his followers appear particularly fond of his childhood and youth. His love affair with the beautiful cowherdess, Radha is immensely popular with his followers. In many Indian temples dedicated to Krishna, his followers visit (Darshan) his images and present water for washing, drinking, clothes, flowers, incense and offer praise during their puja. Chanting and singing the Hare Krishna mantra is a very popular activity found in temples. The maha-mantra is a transcendental sound vibration which awakens love of God in the heart and mind. As with all other activities, music is considered a sacred offering to God. Murtis of Krishna are ritually installed temples, as it is believed that it is actually full of divine spirit of Krishna. Krishnas pictures often portray him as the young flute player, surrounded by cows, teasing the gopi girls, or occasionally as the mischievous friend and even as the charioteer who accompanies Arjuna. These different images illsurate the different forms of relations a Hindu can have with god, either as best friend, a lover or mischievous son. To achieve an understanding of Krishna it important to be aware of the events in the Bhagvad Gita. Arjuna is preparing for a battle in which he will be fighting against his own members of the family. He feels that this is morally wrong and has conversation with his charioteer. His charioteer, Krishna is the supreme lord in disguise. It is here; Krishna explains the path to self liberation and to discovering the inner atman. Krishna points out that the soul does not die in battle, but moves into a new one. The soul can not be pierced, it can not be parched, it can not be wetted, it is everwhere, immovable He reminds Arjuna of his dharma and the effects of Karma. Krishna goes further on to state that is not action itself that should be avoided but the results of it. One should not think of particular rewards for their actions but offer selflessly to the Lord. This is the function of Karma yoga. Having taught this he goes onto mentioning different paths such as jnana and yoga and presentating the need for reaching a state of samadhi through knowledge and devotion. The festival calendar varies region to region throughout India. The festival to celebrate the birth of Krishna is held between August and September and is called Janammastami. The bhagvad Purana which focuses on how to be yogi is often read out. Krishna unlike some of the other supreme deities, acknowledged that there were those who were marginalized such as the low caste and women and therefore highlighted that there were many different paths for each Hindu to reach liberation in his own way. Krishna is encompasses the perfect balance between performing his dharma in such a way that good karma is continually repeated. Through performing jnana and bhakti yoga, a devotee can offer selfless acts, which will be received with Krishnas grace and blessings. Therefore Krishnas love for Radha is the perfect example for any Hindu to achieve a harmonious union with the Lord and achieve moksha.

The Holocaust: Number The Stars :: essays research papers

The Holocaust   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The title of my book is Number the Stars by Lois Lowry and it is a historical fiction. My book was about a jewish girl named Ellen that stays with her best friend's family the Johansens to avoid being caught by the nazis and relocated along with her family. I selected this book because it was by Lois Lowry and I read other books by her so I thought that this book would be good. I also chose this book because it was a Newberry award winner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Annemarie Johansen is the main character in the story, she is a ten year old girl that lives with her parents and sister at their home. She first appears at the beginning of the book racing her friend down a copenhagen street and throughout it and at the end. I liked her because she is strong when she needs to be, and is a friend when she needs to be. Annemarie was willing to save her friend by risking her and her life. Ellen Rosen was also one of the main characters in the story she is a nine year old girl living with her parents. Ellen appears in the story at the beginning also. Ellen a jew, who is Annemarie's friend is forced to hide with Annemaries family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My book takes place during the german occupation of Denmark in 1943. It is in Copenhagen during the fall weather.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Germans are relocating all the jews in Denmark and Ellen and her family find out that they will be relocated. Annemarie's family assumes responsibility for Ellen Rosen, Annemarie's best friend, when ellen's family flees for their safety. Annemarie and her parents take her jewish friend Ellen in to hide with their family. Ellen is almost caught when soldiers come to the house asking questions about the daughter's identity but she is still kept a secret. Ellen is taken to Annemaries uncle's house where they are able to escape to Sweden by hiding in a hidden compartment of a boat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both Ellen and Annes family are hiding from the nazis to prevent them from being relocated. The diary of Anne Frank takes place in Amsterdam, Holland and my book both takes place in Copenhagen, Denmark in 1943. Ellen pretends to be part of her friends family in hiding but in annes diary she and her family and friends are in hiding together in an attic.

The Brady Act: Inconsistent but Served a Purpose

The Brady Law which is technically known as The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act of 1993 was signed as a law under the presidency of Bill Clinton on November 30, 1993. The law requires that whenever someone purchases a gun, he/ she should wait up to five days for a background check. As long as the Federal Bureau of Investigation has undergone the background check and for so long as the Federal Firearm License has not been issued, then a person can never obtain or own a gun (Bowling et al. , 2006).At the same time, it also required the gun dealers in each of the state should begin conducting and submitting background check requirements on their prospective buyers to the authorities to aid the process of authenticating that buyer’s capability and reliability in owning a gun (Ludwig and Cook, 2003). All states should have similar disqualifications for their applicants. These are fugitive status, court restraining orders, mental illness, and other violence convictions. Becaus e of these, of the 12 million applications that were subjected to background check by the National Bureau of Investigation, there were around 1.4 million that were rejected. However, there are also several rejections done by State and local agency background checks which were argued to be a little inconsistent to the FBI requirements (Bowling et al. , 2006). For instance, most state statutes would require firearm purchasers to have a permit or a license or an identification number right after background check to be presented to the seller before they are allowed to buy a firearm. Within these said statute laws, the background check would require around 7 to 30 days.This is inconvenient and inconsistent with the original Brady Bill because it only mandated a background check for only less than a week and 30 days is way too far from that requirement. Other state laws and agencies require that a seller should convey buyer’s information to the authorities either through mail, tel ephone, or e-mail. Accordingly, the local agencies would respond in about 7 to 10 days. The same as already mentioned, this is also a little bit inconvenient because it is only by then that they start their background check.Other than these, there were also instances were the agencies will have to encounter incomplete records of applicants in their databases which will test the capability of the buyer to purchase a firearm. There is also a discrepancy between the state and the local agencies’ reason on rejection. Federal laws would likely to applicants with domestic violence conviction or indictment. On one hand, local agencies would likely to reject applicants that are drug addicts and mentally ill. Moreover, other states provide for appeals, but only seventeen of them.All of these prove that there is discrepancy and inconsistencies in the implementation of this law (Bowling et al. , 2006). However, despite this, I think the law is still very useful in the maintenance of pea ce and security of the country. This is because the law even when it has been implemented inconsistently by the federal and the state government, it still outlines very concrete requirements and methodology in granting and denying the right of every citizen to possess firearms.This law is obviously concerned on the circumstances that would entail the irresponsible handling and owning of a dangerous weapon like the firearm. It mainly aims to secure the safety of very citizen in the United States and to prevent ruthless assassinations. References Bowling, M and Hickman, J. (2006). â€Å"Background Checks for Firearm Transfers, 2005†. Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin. US: US Department of Justice. Ludwig, J and Cook, P. (2003). Evaluating gun policy: effect on crime and violence. USA: Brookings Institution Press.

Problem on Sexual Harassment

Sexual harassment is one of the biggest problems facing our schools and businesses today. A week rarely goes by without a reminder of the pervasiveness of sexual harassment as a social problem. Sexual harassment is a growing problem in the government agencies, schools, and the corporations of the world; however, many corporations are now adopting new anti-harassment policies. (Conta) The definition of sexual harassment is any unwanted or inappropriate sexual attention. That includes touching, looks, comments, or gestures. A key part of sexual harassment is that it is one sided and unwanted. There is a great difference between sexual arassment and romance or friendship, since those are mutual feelings of two people. Often sexual harassment makes the victim feel guilty, but it is important for the victim to remember that it is not their fault, the fault lies totally on the person who is the harasser. Many times fear is involved in sexual harassment because it isn't about physical attraction, it's about power. In fact, many sexual harassment incidents take place when one person is in a position of power over the other; or when a woman has an untraditional job such as a police officer, factory worker, business executive, or ny other traditionally male job. Typical victims of harassment are young, single, college-educated, members of a minority racial or ethnic group (if male), in a trainee position (or office/ clerical positions if male), or have an immediate supervisor of the opposite Presently, it is hard for courts and others to decide when sexual harassment has taken place because the definition of sexual harassment is much too broad. Clearing up the legal definition of sexual harassment would discourage and punish harassers and bring comfort to the victims. Here are some points to remember in deciding hen sexual harassment takes place: Sexual harassment is one-sided and * It is about power and not attraction. * Subtle sexual behavior is sometimes socially acceptable, but some would consider it offensive and want it stopped. * Moderate sexual behavior is not socially acceptable, reasonable * Severe sexual behavior is never acceptable. (Swisher 28) Sexual harassment is a major problem in public schools, colleges, and universities. Surveys on college campuses show the number of respondents reporting to have been sexually harassed ranging from 40-70 percent. Only two percent of campus harassment ases involve a professor demanding sex in return for a good grade. Most cases involve male and female students. In public schools current sexual harassment definitions are inappropriate, since bad sexual behavior of today's children isn't sexual harassment, but it is a reflection of the vulgar, violent, and the sexually explicit nature of our media and culture. When little six-year-old children get suspended from school for kissing girls on the cheek, it is not an example of sexual harassment but of political Sexual harassment is still a big problem in schools and every school district in Washington now has an antiharassment policy. Junior high or middle school has the biggest problem with sexual harassment mainly because of their immaturity and out-of-control hormones†. Says Viki Simmons of the YWCA. â€Å"Many times in high school, students don't think anything about it when harassment happens, but schools are now cracking down on it†. Simmons interview) In the business world employers are now on notice that sexual harassment will no longer be tolerated in the workplace. Claims brought against alleged harassers include wrongful termination, invasion of privacy, violation of due process and free speech rights, efamation, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. Sexual harassment usually happens to women in low-paying jobs, or women that have to have a job in order to support themselves and children. If sexual harassment happens at work, write down a detailed description of what took place, so that it is well recorded and you don't have to think back to the incident. You should keep a note pad handy for this purpose, or write it on a napkin to help you * What actually took place and what the offender said Another way to do this is to write a letter to the harasser. Be sure to keep a copy. Tell the person clearly in the letter that his behavior toward you is unwanted. Tell the person that he will be reported if the behavior doesn't stop (Kolbert). According to the research group Catalyst, recent studies have found that 40 percent to 60 percent of woman say they have been harassed sometime in their Employers have a duty to investigate allegations of sexual harassment, and their employees have a legitimate interest in knowing what activities could result in their termination. Ever clearer definitions of sexual harassment are being implemented by more and more corporations around the country. As this happens, an ncreasing number of companies are searching for new ways of protecting themselves against allegations, adopting their own anti- harassment policies to combat this growing problem. CEO's should do a variety of things to stop sexual harassment in the work place. The most important thing is senior management makes it clear to workers that harassment in any form won't be tolerated. If top managers don' take the issues seriously, employees won't either. Managers must also understand they are responsible for their Companies need an explicit written policy on sexual harassment that is widely available in the workplace. Most consultants advise companies to do more than just post the policy on bulletin boards. They should distribute it company wide, repeatedly. Copies should be included in new employee orientation packets. Employees should have clear definitions of what sexual harassment is Many companies are now offering employee training sessions on sexual harassment, and many say that follow up training is a good idea. Training programs should include all employees, rather than just managers. The tone should be gender neutral and avoid heavy discussions on male harassment that might cause some resentment among the male employees. Many times programs aren't effective because they spend a lot of time just attacking men and not the crime. Companies need a good system to deal with complaints. A clear process for handling complaints shows that a company takes them seriously. Until 1991 it was harder for woman to make allegations of sexual harassment, since woman felt like there was nothing that they could do about it. But the highly publicized hearings of Clarence Thomas and Anita Hill in 1991 changed everything. During the fall of 1991, the subject of sexual harassment grabbed news headlines. Everyone began discussing this issue and motions ran high. Judge Clarence Thomas was nominated to be a Supreme Court Justice, which is America's highest court, and Supreme Court Justices have their jobs for life. They cannot be fired. Before a person can be made a Justice, he or she must be questioned and Judge Thomas was ounce the head of a U. S. agency called the EEOC. The EEOC makes sure everyone is treated fairly when applying for a job. It also enforces laws against sexual harassment. Anita Hill is a law professor who worked with Judge Thomas at the EEOC many years ago. A few weeks into the Congressional Questioning she came orward and accused Thomas of sexual harassment. She claimed that he used to constantly ask her for dates and spoke to her about pornographic films he had seen. Anita Hill said that she was deeply offended by these remarks but felt that she could not complain. Clarence Thomas was her boss, and she thought that her career could be Anita Hill was a very believable witness. But Judge Thomas denied her charges in the strongest possible terms. Who was telling the truth? The country was divided. But the issue was being discussed everywhere. Women from all across the nation told of their experiences with sexual harassment. And many men admitted being Finally, the senate voted to approve Judge Thomas. But the vote was close. Many senators had doubts about Thomas's character. Others did not the, Thomas's career should be destroyed because of one person's story. They said there was not enough evidence to prove there was wrongdoing. In the end, everyone agreed that sexual harassment is a serious problem everyone must become more sensitive It's important to know that men have trouble too. Women are not the only victims of sexual harassment. More and more men are being harassed in the workplace, classrooms, and locker rooms. Whoever is in the position of power tends to be the harasser. Men can be victims of both woman and other men Sexual harassment is very wide spread, but there are ways of avoiding it, such as: Keeping everything strictly on a business level. If working in the same room as the harasser, create a barrier between the two work stations with a desk or file cabinet, etc. Do not ask for personal favors or special treatment from the harasser so that he won't feel he is owed anything. Do not talk about anything personal. Sexual harassment is always wrong. No one deserves it. And it is always hurtful to the victim.